CBDC LLC

Cross-border

Moving money between countries

International payments still travel through chains of correspondent banks, which is slow and costly. Two competing multi-currency projects aim to fix this with wholesale central bank money.

BIS · Western Reserve Currencies

Project Agorá

Led by the Bank for International Settlements with seven central banks including the Bank of England, Bank of Japan and Federal Reserve Bank of New York. It combines tokenised bank deposits with tokenised central bank reserves on one platform. Forty-one financial firms were selected to take part, and user testing began in 2026. It keeps the correspondent banking system in place.
China-led · Asia and Gulf

Project mBridge

A shared multi-CBDC platform linking central banks in China, Hong Kong, Thailand, the UAE and Saudi Arabia. It reached minimum viable product in 2024. The BIS withdrew in late 2024, leaving China in effective control, amid commentary that it could bypass sanctions-enforcing banking channels.
Project Agorá: A shared programmable platform for wholesale cross-border paymentsBank for International Settlements · 3:28